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–DIFFRAC.EVA evaluation software
–DIFFRAC.TOPAS software for diffractogram analysis analysis 

Sample Preparation

Sample preparation techniques may include the following:
–Drying and powdering solid samples
–Mounting smear slides for small samples
–Removing carbonate from high-carbonate samples
–Separating the clay fraction from larger grain size particles
–Expanding swelling clays with ethylene glycol

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After the scan is completed, convert the .raw file into a .uxd file; the .raw file is only readable by the Eva software, whereas the .uxd file can be read by other programs.

ConvertingRawFileto.uxdFile

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Concentrated nitric acid (~50%–70% HNO3 v/v) is very dangerous. It can cause severe tissue damage on contact, is highly toxic, and the fumes present risks of poisoning and chemical burns. Always add acid to water! When mixed with water, large quantities of heat are liberated, so appropriate care should be taken when diluting. Nitric acid is a strong oxidizing agent, so waste should not be mixed with any organic materials.
Note: although diluted from concentrated strength, the 10-15% nitric acid used in the water bath is still dangerous and should be treated with the appropriate care.

Hydrochloric Acid, Concentrated, or 2 M for Carbonate Dissolution

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